Review of the in vitro inhibitory effects of traditional Chinese medicine and its components on CYP450 enzymes in liver microsomes / 药学学报

Cytochrome P450s (CYP450) is a superfamily of phase I metabolic enzymes, which participates in more than 90% of drug oxidation. The induction or inhibition of CYP450s is the main mechanism of drug-drug interaction. In recent years, in vitro metabolism studies conducted through isolated organs, cells, or enzyme systems have developed rapidly, due to their precision and simplicity. Therefore, profiles of the in vitro metabolism studies of traditional Chinese medicines can infer the possible metabolic pathways of drugs, predict the potential drug interactions, and may enhance the rational use of drugs in clinic. This article reviews the in vitro inhibitory effects of traditional Chinese medicine, ingredients, and extracts on the activities of CYP450 enzymes in the liver microsomes, which can provide a reference for further researches on the interaction between Chinese medicine and chemical medicine.

Changes of pharmacokinetics and application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in pharmacotherapy during pregnancy / 药学学报

The rational medication in pregnant women is a clinical issue that clinicians and pharmacists must take seriously. Most tissues and organs undergo anatomical and physiological changes during pregnancy that affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs in vivo, which ultimately lead to changes in bioavailability. In order to achieve an effective therapeutic concentration, dose adjustment might be required during this period. In the past ten years, the application of modeling and simulation methods in the field of drug development and clinical therapy has continued to expand, for instance, using population pharmacokinetic (PPK) and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to adjust dosage regimen in special populations. Rigorously designed and validated models will effectively make up for the deficiencies of clinical trials, provide valuable references for the design of clinical research, and even replace part of them. This article will introduce the physiological changes that affect the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug during pregnancy and review the progress in the application of PBPK modeling in pharmacokinetic studies in pregnant women.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Increases Peritonsillar Abscess Susceptibility: Real-World Evidence

Objectives@#. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for deep neck infection (DNI) and leads to complications and poor outcomes. Our study aimed to investigate the risk, prognosis, and complications of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) in patients with T2DM. @*Methods@#. We extracted data of patients newly diagnosed as having T2DM between January 2000 and December 2011 from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. These patients were matched with patients without T2DM, and PTA incidence was compared between both cohorts. @*Results@#. In total, 67,852 patients with and 135,704 patients without T2DM were enrolled. PTA incidence was significantly higher in patients with T2DM (incidence rate ratio, 1.91; P5 years after T2DM diagnosis. Cox regression analysis showed that patients with T2DM had an approximately 2-fold higher PTA risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.89, P<0.001). Patients with a higher adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) had higher PTA risk than those with a lower aDCSI (aHRs: 2.17 for aDCSI ≥1, P=0.006 and 1.81 for aDCSI=0, P=0.002). T2DM patients with a high aDCSI (≥1) had a nonsignificantly longer hospitalization duration and a higher rate of DNI complications than did those with a low aDCSI (=0). @*Conclusion@#. In patients with T2DM, PTA incidence was relatively high, and it increased with T2DM severity. Moreover, T2DM patients should be particularly careful about PTA within 1 to 5 years after the diagnosis, and physicians should keep in mind that the prognosis of PTA was correlated with T2DM severity.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Increases Peritonsillar Abscess Susceptibility: Real-World Evidence

Objectives@#. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for deep neck infection (DNI) and leads to complications and poor outcomes. Our study aimed to investigate the risk, prognosis, and complications of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) in patients with T2DM. @*Methods@#. We extracted data of patients newly diagnosed as having T2DM between January 2000 and December 2011 from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. These patients were matched with patients without T2DM, and PTA incidence was compared between both cohorts. @*Results@#. In total, 67,852 patients with and 135,704 patients without T2DM were enrolled. PTA incidence was significantly higher in patients with T2DM (incidence rate ratio, 1.91; P5 years after T2DM diagnosis. Cox regression analysis showed that patients with T2DM had an approximately 2-fold higher PTA risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.89, P<0.001). Patients with a higher adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) had higher PTA risk than those with a lower aDCSI (aHRs: 2.17 for aDCSI ≥1, P=0.006 and 1.81 for aDCSI=0, P=0.002). T2DM patients with a high aDCSI (≥1) had a nonsignificantly longer hospitalization duration and a higher rate of DNI complications than did those with a low aDCSI (=0). @*Conclusion@#. In patients with T2DM, PTA incidence was relatively high, and it increased with T2DM severity. Moreover, T2DM patients should be particularly careful about PTA within 1 to 5 years after the diagnosis, and physicians should keep in mind that the prognosis of PTA was correlated with T2DM severity.

Expression and Significance of BLIMP-1 in Regulatory T Cells of Children with Aplastic Anemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression of B lymphocyte-induced mature protein-1 (BLIMP-1) in regulatory T cells (Tregs) of children with aplastic anemia (AA), and analyze its correlation with the number of Tregs and the levels of inhibitory cytokines interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in plasma.@*METHODS@#The peripheral blood samples of 10 newly diagnosed AA children and 10 healthy children were collected for experiment. qPCR was used to detect FOXP3 and PRDM1 mRNA expression levels. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of Tregs, the expression of BLIMP-1 in Tregs, and the levels of cytokines such as IL-2, IL-17A, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma. Pearson correlation model was used to evaluate the relationship between the expression of BLIMP-1 in Treg and the number of Tregs, as well as the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma.@*RESULTS@#Compared with control group, the proportion of Tregs in peripheral blood of AA children was decreased significantly (P<0.001); The plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-γ in AA children were increased significantly (P=0.033, P=0.031, P=0.006), and IL-17A also was increased but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.052), while anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β were significantly reduced (P=0.048, P=0.002). The relative expressions level of FOXP3 and PRDM1 mRNA in AA children were significantly lower than those in control group (P=0.037, P=0.016). The expression of BLIMP-1 protein in Tregs of AA children was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.001). The expression level of BLIMP-1 protein in Tregs was positively correlated with the percentage of Tregs in lymphocytes (r=0.671, P=0.001), and was also positively correlated with the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma (r=0.500, P=0.029; r=0.486, P=0.030).@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of BLIMP-1 in Tregs of AA children is impaired, and the low expression of BLIMP-1 is related to the decrease of the number in Tregs and IL-10 and TGF-β expressions.

Analysis of genetic characteristics in two Chinese children of type Ⅱ Waardenburg syndrome / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To screen and analyze the mutations of MITF gene in two children of type Ⅱ Waardenburg syndrome (WS2) from different families in Yunnan,China,and to explore the possible molecular pathogenesis. Methods: With informed consent, medical history collection, physical examinations, audiological evaluation, and high resolution computer tomography (HRCT) scan of temporal bone were performed on the two WS2 probands and their family members. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of all individuals. The coding regions including all exons, part of introns and promoters of MITF, PAX3, SOX10, SNAI2, END3, ENDRB, and KITLG genes were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. According to the results of high-throughput sequencing, pathogenic mutations detected in the probands and their parents were verified by Sanger sequencing. Results: The proband 1 carried c.641_643delGAA mutation in the 7th exon of MITF gene, which was a frame-shift mutation resulting in an amino acid change of p.214delR. It was a de novo mutation as the parents of proband 1 showed no variation on this site. The proband 2 carried heterozygous loss of the large fragment ranging from exon 1 to exon 9 of MITF gene, which defected the function of MITF protein. Conclusion: Genetic examinations provide important evidence for diagnosis of Waardenburg syndrome. Heterozygous mutation c.641_643delGAA and heterozygous loss of the large fragment ranging from exon 1 to exon 9 of MITF gene might be the molecular pathogenesis of the two WS2 probands in this study.

Spinal P2X7R contributes to streptozotocin-induced mechanical allodynia in mice / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a diabetes mellitus complication. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying PDN are still poorly understood. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) plays a pivotal role in non-diabetic neuropathic pain, but little is known about its effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Here, we explored whether spinal cord P2X7R was correlated with the generation of mechanical allodynia (MA) in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic neuropathy in mice. MA was assessed by measuring paw withdrawal thresholds and western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze the protein expression levels and localization of P2X7R. STZ-induced mice expressed increased P2X7R in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord during MA. Mice injected intrathecally with a selective antagonist of P2X7R and P2X7R knockout (KO) mice both presented attenuated progression of MA. Double-immunofluorescent labeling demonstrated that P2X7R-positive cells were mostly co-expressed with Iba1 (a microglia marker). Our results suggest that P2X7R plays an important role in the development of MA and could be used as a cellular target for treating PDN.

Differences in lipidomics may be potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

Abstract Purpose To analyze the plasma lipid spectrum between healthy control and patients with pancreatic cancer and to select differentially expressed tumor markers for early diagnosis. Methods In total, 20 patents were divided into case group and healthy control group according to surgical pathology. Of almost 1206 plasma lipid molecules harvested from 20 patients were measured by HILIC using the normal phase LC/MS. Heat map presented the relative levels of metabolites and lipids in the healthy control group and patients with pancreatic cancer. The PCA model was constructed to find out the difference in lipid metabolites. The principal components were drawn in a score plot and any clustering tendency could be observed. PLS-DA were performed to distinguish the healthy control group and pancreatic cancer according to the identified lipid profiling datasets. The volcano plot was used to visualize all variables with VIP>1 and presented the important variables with P<0.01 and -FC->2. Results The upregulated lipid metabolites in patients with pancreatic cancer contained 9 lipids; however, the downregulated lipid metabolites contained 79 lipids. Conclusion There were lipid metabolomic differences in patients with pancreatic cancer, which could serve as potential tumor markers for pancreatic cancer.

Transcriptome-wide Identification and Expression Profiles of WRKY Transcription Factor in Prunella vulgaris / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To identify WRKY genes from the transcriptome dataset of Prunella vulgaris by bioinformatics method, and analyze the protein characteristics and expression level of these genes. Method:WRKY transcription factor were identified from the P. vulgaris transcriptome database，their motif，physical and chemical properties，functional annotations，family evolution and expression patterns were analyzed, and their functions were predicted. Result:A total of 23 WRKY transcription factors were identified from P. vulgaris in this study by computational prediction method.Structural analysis found that WRKY proteins contained a highly conserved motif WRKYGQK. Phylogenetic analysis of WRKYs together with the homologous genes from Arabidopsis thaliana could be divided into two groups（group Ⅰ-Ⅱ）. There were 7 members in group Ⅰ，and 16 members in group Ⅱ, group Ⅱ was subdivided into five subgroups，namely group Ⅱb （3 members），Ⅱc（5 members），Ⅱd（3 members），Ⅱe（5 members）. The physical and chemical properties of WRKY protein showed that the amino acid number was between 85 and 599，the molecular weight was between 9 527.5-66 438.45 Da，the theoretical isoelectric point was between 5.01-9.83.Among them, c13719.graph_c0，c32199.graph_c0，c24547.graph_c0，c37881.graph_c0 may play a role in the regulation of secondary metabolitessynthesis of P. vulgaris.And c32199.graph_c0，c26537.graph_c0，c23728.graph_c0 may has an effect in identifying and defensing pathogens in P. vulgaris.The transcriptional profiles of these 23 WRKY genes in various tissues were investigated using transcriptome dataset.The results showed that the expression level of WRKY genes varied significantly in different tissues. Conclusion:This study identifies the organization and transcriptional profiles of PmWRKY genes for the first time, so as to provide the helpful information for further studies of functions of WRKYs.

Research Advances on Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment of Patients with Hematological Malignancies--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Bone marrow (BM) microenvironment appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. Apart from soluble factors and direct cell-cell contact, the extracellular vesicles (EVs) were identified as a third mediator for cell communication within BM microenvironment. Recently, more and more evidences have demonstrated that EVs are also involved in the dysregulation of the BM microenvironment in patients with hematological malignancies. Therefore this review focuses on the biological characteristics of EVs, the clinical value of EVs as biomarkers, the BM microenvironment reprogramming in hematological malignancies by EVs, and the potential role of EVs in drug resistance and therapy of hematological malignancies.

Icariin protects vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress through inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism(s) of icariin (ICA) in preventing hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced vascular endothelial cell injury via endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).@*METHODS@#To study the effects of ICA on HO-induced damage, we used the cell counting kit-8 assay to detect cell viability and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay to determine cell adhesion and apoptosis, respectively. Spectrophotometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Subsequently, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) and eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) were detected using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, different concentrations of ICA exhibited multiple effects, including reduced HO damage, improved cell viability and adhesion, reduced cell apoptosis and increased SOD and GSH-Px activity. Among the ICA concentrations used, only the HO + 100 μmol/L ICA group had significant differences compared to the HO group. ERS activators HO and dl-dithiothreitol (DTT) significantly increased GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α expressions, decreased cell activity and reduced SOD and GSH-Px activity. In contrast, the HO + 100 μmol/L ICA and HO + 100 μmol/L ICA + DTT groups had significant inhibitory effects on the expressions of GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α proteins, showing enhanced cell viability and SOD and GSH-Px activity.@*CONCLUSION@#The results showed the dose-dependent effects of ICA against HO-induced injury in vascular endothelial cells. The inhibition of GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α protein expressions in the ERS, and the subsequent alleviation of oxidative stress damage, might be the molecular mechanism.

A new isobenzofuranone derivative from Chaenomeles sinensis and its antibacterial activity / 中国中药杂志

A new isobenzofuranone derivative was isolated from Chaenomeles sinensis by using various chromatographic techniques,including silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,MCI-gel resin and RP-HPLC. This compound was determined as 2,2-dimethyl-5-( 2-oxopropyl)-2 H-furo[3,4-h]chromen-7( 9 H)-one( 1) by NMR,MS,IR and UV spectra,and was also evaluated for its antibacterial activity. The results showed that it showed prominent antibacterial activity with MIC90 value of( 53. 7±4. 5) mg·L-1 for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus( MRSA) strain. This value is close to that of levofloxacin [with MIC90 value( 50. 2± 4. 2) mg·L-1].

Application of OCT in the Forensic Pathological Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Infarction / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the value of optical coherence tomography （OCT） in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in forensic identification.@*METHODS@#OCT and hematoxylin-eosin （HE） examination were performed to examine the pathological samples of coronary artery and myocardial infarction in 5 cases of sudden coronary death. The morphological and local measurement indexes were compared.@*RESULTS@#In the OCT images, the layers of coronary artery could be distinguishably featured, and the atheroma plaques had a good morphological correspondence with HE slices. The normal myocardia in the OCT image showed weak light signals with high absorbance, while the fiber scar tissues in the myocardial infarction areas showed strong light signals with low absorbance. There were no significant differences on the fibrous cap thickness in coronary atherosclerotic plaques or intima-media thickness between the OCT images and the HE slices （P>0.05）. In the OCT images, the optical densities of the old myocardial infarction areas （1 226.24±622.66） and those of normal myocardia （3 707.90±962.98） were significantly different （ P<0.05）.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The OCT image has a good morphological consistency with HE slice, thus is expected to be the primary screening method for the forensic pathology examination of coronary artery atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction, which can help to improve the diagnostic accuracy.

A new naphthaldehyde derivative from Comastoma pulmonarium and its anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity / 中国中药杂志

A new naphthaldehyde derivative has been isolated from Comastoma pulmonarium by using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI-gel resin and RP-HPLC. This compounds was determined as 5-methoxy-2-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1-carbaldehyde(1) by NMR, MS, IR and UV spectra. This compound was also evaluated for its anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. The result showed that it showed high anti-TMV activity with inhibition rate of 32.8%. The inhibition rate is close to that of positive control (ningnanmycin).

Expression of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor in the testis of the male mouse with kidney yin or kidney yang deficiency and its impact on the reproductive function of the mouse / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the expression of the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in the testis of the male mouse with kidney yin or kidney yang deficiency and its influence on the reproductive function of the mouse.@*METHODS@#We randomized 30 six-week-old male Kunming mice into three groups of equal number: kidney yang deficiency, kidney yin deficiency, and normal control, and established the models of kidney yang deficiency and kidney yin deficiency by peritoneal injection of hydrocortisone at 50 mg/kg for 5 days and 25 mg/kg for 10 days, respectively. We observed the behavioral changes of the mice using the elevated plus-maze, exhaustive swimming and field experiment, examined the semen quality with the automatic sperm quality analyzer, calculated the average number of the offspring, measured the serum testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) levels and T/E2 ratio by Roche electrochemiluminescence assay, and determined the localization and expression of GPER in the testis by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the mice with kidney yin deficiency, those with kidney yang deficiency showed remarkably fewer entries into the open arm and central area (P 0.05); the latter group also exhibited significant decreases in the epididymal sperm count (［7.27 ± 1.30］ vs ［3.05 ± 1.06］ ×108/g, P 0.05), and markedly reduced serum T (［24.96 ± 6.18］ vs ［16.72 ± 5.92］ ng/dl,P <0.05), E2 (［19.81 ± 4.01］ vs ［15.24 ± 1.11］ pg/ml,P <0.05) and T/E2 ratio (1.41 vs 1.25, P <0.05). The expression of GPER was found in the cytoplasm of the Leydig cells, negative in the nuclei and cell membrane, significantly higher in the kidney yang than in the kidney yin deficiency group (P <0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The numbers of sperm and offspring decreased while the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm increased in both the kidney yang and kidney yin deficiency mice, even more significantly in the former, which might be associated with the up-regulated expression of GPER in the testis of the mouse with kidney yang deficiency and consequently the reduced serum T level and T/E2 ratio.

Misdiagnosic analysis and treatment of pyriform sinus fistula in children / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To discuss the misdiagnosis of pyriform sinus fistula and to better understand this kind of illness.@*Methods@#The analysis was based on twenty-eight patients with congenital pyriform sinus fistula aged from 11 months to 14 years, with the median age of 5 years, and who were surgically treated from January 2013 to January 2017 in Kunming Children′s Hospital.Twenty patients were misdiagnosed in other hospital.After the routine examination of neck ultrasound and enhanced CT, internal fistula was found by self-retaining laryngoscope, traced by methylene blue, and excised by high ligation.@*Results@#Twenty patients were misdiagnosed.The misdiagnosis time ranged from 6 months to 3 years.Under self-retaining laryngoscope, piriform fossa fistula were found in all patients.Nineteen fistula were found in the left and 1 in the right.The fistula in patients was unilateral.Seven cases were misdiagnosed as suppurative lymphadensitis, undergone abscess incisional drainage many times.Three cases were misdiagnosed as thyroglossal duct cyst and performed excision of thyroglossal duct cyst.One case was treated by extended Sistruck operation again because the doctor considered that excision of middle segment of hyoid bone was not enough and the fistula was not ligated completely.One case was misdiagnosed as second branchial cleft fistula on the right side of the neck.Nine cases were misdiagnosed as hyroid-associated diseases including 2 cases suppurative thyroiditis, 2 cases subacute thyroiditis and 5 cases thyroid neoplasms.Among them, 2 cases underwent partial thyroidectomy.All the patients were treated with high ligation of fistula under general anesthesia.The operation was smooth, and no hoarseness, bucking and pharyngeal fistula occurred after the operation.Postoperative follow-up time ranged from 12 months to 4 years and the median follow-up was 18 months without recurrence.The diagnosis was confirmed pathologically.@*Conclusions@#Pyriform sinus fistula in children was uncommon and easily misdiagnosed in clinic.The majority of physician including some otolaryngologists were lack of understanding of the disease.It should be regarded as one of the important differential diagnosis of neck mass in children.Children with recurrent left neck infection and/or abscess should be highly suspected.Self-retaining laryngoscopic examination can make a definite diagnosis and high ligation of the fistula through the external neck approach can achieve good therapeutic effect.

Clinical analysis of total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by NOSES: a report of 50 cases / 中国内镜杂志

Objective?To investigate the feasibility, safety, operating essentials and the short-term therapeutic effect of total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction (NOSES).?Methods?The clinical data of 50 patients underwent total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by NOSES from January 2016 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.?Results?All of the 50 patients with colorectal cancer successfully received total laparoscopic resection by NOSES. None of the patients had serious postoperative complications and death related to the operation. The average operating time was (140.0 ± 29.0) minutes. The blood loss was (70.0 ± 23.4) ml. The number of lymph nodes harvested were (14.0 ± 2.3). There was no bacteria infection in abdominopelvic cavity post-operation and no recurrence occurred until the end of postoperative follow- up. Postoperative time of bed rest was (2.0 ± 0.5) days. The time of the first anal exhaust was (2.0 ± 0.5) days. The postoperative hospitalization stay was (8.5 ± 3.0) days. There was none case of lung infection while one case of anastomotic leakage. No cancer cells remained in resection margin. No local recurrence and metastasis was found in all patients after follow-up for 3 to 24 months.?Conclusion?Total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by NOSES is safe and feasible, and has the advantage of minimally invasive, less pain, rapid rehabilitation, good cosmetic effect and less postoperative complications.

A feasible study of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells for prevention and treatment of amniotic fluid embolism / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Currently, there are two difficult problems concerning amniotic fluid embolism. One is to find out the specific indicators for diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism and the other is to prevent and treat amniotic fluid embolism. However, there are yet no effective treatments, and symptomatic treatment for clinical manifestations is the only treatment for amniotic fluid embolism, which has poor outcomes and leads to a high mortality rate. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells to prevent and treat amniotic fluid embolism. METHODS: CNKI and PubMed data bases were searched for relevant articles with the key words of “amniotic fluid embolism, human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells" in Chinese and English, respectively. And finally 43 articles were included and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From the point of view of the pathogenesis of immune inflammatory reaction of amniotic fluid embolism, the immunology of pregnancy is related to transplantation biology. It is theoretically suggested that human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells can prevent and treat amniotic fluid embolism, regulate the immune system of the puerpera with amniotic fluid embolism, and reduce acute lung injury caused by amniotic fluid embolism. This method provides a new perspective for research on the prevention and treatment of amniotic fluid embolism.

Research progress on application of exercise rehabilitation therapy in aged patients with hypertension / 心血管康复医学杂志

Exercise rehabilitation therapy has gradually become a research hotspot besides controlling occurrence and development of hypertension with medicine in clinic.The present article systematically summarizes several exercise rehabilitation therapeutic methods of hypertension,analyzes their advantages and existing problems,forecasts devel-opment trend of exercise therapy in aged patients with hypertension,and provides reference for hypertension treat-ment and research.

Effect of total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by NOSE / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the operation process of the technology, safety and operability of total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE). Methods 40 patients with colorectal cancer who met the inclusion criteria of NOSE method from April 2015 to June 2017 were randomly divided into control group (traditional laparoscope) and experimental group (NOSE group), 20 cases in each. The intraoperative and postoperative quality of life between the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results All the patients completed the target operation, and no other operative methods were transferred. No complications occurred in either group. There were statistically difference (P < 0.05) between the two groups of patients in the two indicators (time and blood loss), there was no statistically significant difference in hospital time (P > 0.05), there was statistically difference (P < 0.05) between the two groups of quality of life score (SF-36 scale) in somatic function, role function, pain, cognitive and overall health status of five dimensions, the NOSE group was superior to the traditional laparoscopic group. Conclusion There are advantages in totally laparoscopic colorectal cancer treated with whole NOSE method. The overall health is good, few restrictions on daily work and life, quicker recovery of physical function and role function. Therefore, the application can be promoted if the condition is allowed.